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KMID : 0367020160280060628
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Journal of Korean Academic of Adult Nursing
2016 Volume.28 No. 6 p.628 ~ p.636
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Effects of a Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program on Incidence Rate and Endotracheal Colonization
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Song Ui-Rim
Kim Sook-Young
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study examined the effects of a program designed to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) on VAP rate and endotracheal colonization. The program focused on aspiration prevention and oral care.
Methods: A nonequivalent control group post-test only design was utilized. One hundred patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit (MICU) or coronary care unit (CCU) were assigned to either a experimental group (n=50) or a control group(n=50). The participants were selected 48 hours following an endotracheal intubation. VAP prevention program given to the experimental group includes keeping the head of the bed to 30°~45° high, maintaining continuous endotracheal cuff pressure at 25 cm H₂O, performing endotracheal suction before change position, and providing oral care with 0.1% chlorhexidine every four hours. The control group received usual care. Data were analyzed using t-test, x2 test, Mantel-Haenszel x2 and Cox proportional harzard regression model.
Results: The experimental group showed a lower VAP rate than the control group although the difference was not statistically significant (x2=0.79, p=.375). The experimental group showed lower colonization in tracheal secretion than the control group (x2=14.59, p<.001).
Conclusion: Results showed that a VAP prevention program is effective in reducing colonization of tracheal secretion. Therefore, VAP prevention programs are recommended as an ICU nursing intervention.
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KEYWORD
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Pneumonia, Ventilator-associated, Respiratory aspiration, Oral hygiene
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